Oil Sparks In The Amazon

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For decades, studies of oil-related conflicts have focused on the effects of natural resource mismanagement, resulting in great economic booms and busts or violence as rebels fight ruling governments over their regions' hydrocarbon resources. In Oil Sparks in the Amazon , Patricia I. Vasquez writes that while oil busts and civil wars are common, the tension over oil in the Amazon has played out differently, in a way inextricable from the region itself.

Oil disputes in the Amazon primarily involve local indigenous populations. These groups' social and cultural identities differ from the rest of the population and the diverse disputes over land, displacement, water contamination, jobs and wealth distribution reflect those differences. Vasquez spent fifteen years travelling to the oil-producing regions of Latin America, conducting hundreds of interviews with the stakeholders in local conflicts.

She analyses fifty-five social and environmental clashes related to oil and gas extraction in the Andean countries (Peru, Ecuador and Colombia). She also examines what triggers local hydrocarbons disputes and offers policy recommendations to resolve or prevent them. Vasquez argues that each case should be analysed with attention to its specific sociopolitical and economic context.

She shows how the key to preventing disputes that lead to local conflicts is to address structural flaws (such as poor governance and inadequate legal systems) and nonstructural flaws (such as stakeholders' attitudes and behaviour) at the outset. Doing this will require more than strong political commitments to ensure the equitable distribution of oil and gas revenues.

It will require attention to the local values and culture as well. Review: Patricia Vasquez deploys her vast knowledge of the oil and gas industry to explore the potent mix of grievances and structural constraints that give rise to conflicts between investors and local communities over a host of environmental, social, cultural, and economic issues.

Just as important, Vasquez identifies short- and long-term strategies for preventing or mitigating conflict in the hydrocarbons sector. This is an indispensable and pathbreaking book. --Cynthia J. Arnson Director, Latin American Program, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars